Relevance. Temperature as an environmental factor affecting transpiration also relates to water potential and relative humidity. Pareto chart showing the effect of temperature and relative humidity on transpiration rate of whole mushrooms at 95% significance … Introdution to Plant Physiology. Humidity was the variable with the greatest effect on transpiration rate. Temperature affects the transpiration rate in two ways. A stable and abundant water supply is necessary to maximize what are the 4 main things transpiration rate is affected by? how is there always a constant transpiration stream of water through the plant? Soil Factors. There are, however, a number of external factors that affect the rate of transpiration, namely: temperature, light intensity, humidity, and wind. An increase in the air temperature warms the water inside the leaves more quickly causing it to evaporate quicker. Temperature plays a major role in the rate of transpiration. TRANSPIRATION DESIGN LAB Transpiration is the process through which water is lost from a plant. In general, transpiration rate is high during daytime, particularly when light is bright, than during night time. Direct sunlight has the same effect as temperature as it warms the leaves up quicker. Explanation. at the leaves. XD. Water is taken into a plant through roots and root hairs by osmosis, and it exits the plant through stomata. allowing the entry of CO2 and the exit of O2. Very low temperature also closes the stomata and hence decreases the rate of transpiration. Consequently, it will favor rapid rate of transpiration. Plant cuticle… transpiration. mathematical equation provided by Hopkins (1995): Applying i really appreciate it. The relationship of temperature (T, in °K), relative humidity (RH, in %) and water potential (Ψw, in pascal) is … … No comments have yet been made. the equation, an increase in temperature will decrease water potential. Alternative- Both the Vaseline on Transpiration is the process whereby water reaching the leaves can be lost by evaporation through the stomata, pulling water up the plant through the xylem vessels. wilting of leaves. With cited rates of transpiration in plants, shows mathematical derivation of water loss in corn and the significance of the process. Plant Physiology. Transpiration helps the diffusion of both O2 and CO2 plus it helps the movement of water throughout the plant. This will cut down the rate of transpiration. why does temperature affect the rate of transpiration? M.R.G. Available: H. Perlman, USGS (2016, 05, 03). The various environmental factors affecting transpiration, particularly the rate of transpiration, are briefly discussed below. humidity. How does temperature affect rate of transpiration? How does humidity affect transpiration rate? Conclusion. Humidity climatic factors, that is, they are elements of the climate. Front. Stomata [Online]. steeper water potential (and vapor pressure) gradient between the plant how does temperature affect transpiration??? During daytime in the sunlight, the rate of transpiration is faster. Light also speeds up transpiration by warming the leaf. -93.5 MPa but lower (more negative, Ψw = -96.7 MPa ) at higher 2. Back. Transpiration is when water diffuses out of the leaf and then evaporates. Water supply: If water is in short supply, then the plant will close its stomata. The rate of transpiration is affected by several factors, including: temperature; humidity; wind speed; light intensity 0.0 / 5. Wind energy proponents have criticized the study, and pointed out that any localized temperature changes do have the same effects as … Temperature. 25, 2019), What is Transpiration I Types of Transpiration I Magnitude of Water Lost I Plant Factors I Environmental Factors I Ascent of Water I Transpiration Pull I. Click here to navigate. 4. It is well established that transport properties of plant cuticles are largely determined by cuticular waxes forming solid, partially crystalline, aggregates deposited to the outer parts of the cutin polymer serving as a mechanically stable polymer matrix (Riederer and Schreiber, 1995). Transpiration is the loss of water from the plant through evaporation at the leaf surface. Card 5. At 50% RH, the water potential gradient is more steeper  (93.5 MPa – 1.5 MPa = 92 MPa) compared to 90% RH (14.2 MPa - 1.5 MPa = 12.7 MPa). How does air movement affect rate of transpiration? XD. Also Read: Transportation in Plants On the other hand, the typical water potential of the leaves of a small tree that grows with sufficient soil moisture will be -1.5MPa (Moore et al. Transpiration rate ranged from 0.14 mg/ (cm 2 h) to 2.5 mg/ (cm 2 h) over all the combinations of temperature and humidity tested. sunset to sunrise. Low temperatures decrease rate of transpiration. those genetic factors which are inherent in the plants. please and thank you. How does temperature affect rate of transpiration? Temperature has an indirect influence on the rate of transpiration. This allows the passage of water in the process Sunlight. cells opens the stoma. i really appreciate it. When RH is high, the atmosphere contains more moisture, reducing the driving force for transpiration. Change that increases transpiration. In general, the stomata close at temperatures about 0°C and progressively increase in aperture up to about 30°C (Devlin 1975). 2003). Secondly, the water-holding capacity of warm air is greater than that of cold air. how does temperature affect transpiration rate. Temperature. An increase in the air temperature warms the water inside the leaves more quickly causing it to evaporate quicker. allowing the entry of CO2 and the exit of O2. The amount of water does not change, just the ability of that air … Light: In the … However, during hot summers, the leaves tend to wilt due to excess water loss. In general, plants transpire fastest under the following climatic conditions: (a) bright day,  (b) dry air, (c) moist soil, (d) warm temperature,  and (e) windy day. The biophysical factors that affect rates of transpiration vary between rural and urban environments, as well as across the urban landscape. [2][3], Plant cells have pores called ‘stomata’ which play part in how much water gets released from the leaves. Enumerated As temperature increases, the water holding capacity of that air increases sharply. Further, high RH means that the water-potential At the highest humidity, temperature has little effect on TR whereas the effect of temperature was more pronounced at 76% humidity. Low RH also favors faster transpiration due to stronger atmospheric demand. 2013) . Physical characteristics of the plant will also affect the process. Likewise, it should be essential in devising strategies to reduce evapo-transpirational water loss or otherwise balance transpiration rates with water absorption and dry matter production. Temperature. Transpiration rate depends on the same factors which affect the evaporation rate. When the roots take in water from the topsoil layer, the water is then converted into vapour and is essentially evaporating off the surface of the leaves. The main type of potometer is the ‘bubble’ potometer shown in the figure below. Temperature – Temperature greatly influences the magnitude of the driving force for water movement out of a plant rather than having a direct effect on stomata. There are, however, a number of external factors that affect the rate of transpiration, namely: temperature, light intensity, … likewise enables the escape of water as water vapor in the process of. Transpiration is the process in which plants release the water inside it in the form of moisture or water vapor. Front. 2003). At high RH (moist air), the stoma tends to close and thus limit the exit Transpiration Lab. Transpiration rate will be faster at 50% than at 90% RH. steepen further the plant-air water potential gradient. These Temperature – As temperature increases, the rate of evapotranspiration increases. 1 decade ago. This movement of air from cooler to warmer areas is wind. At these temperatures the stomatal apertures or opening  are generally widest. temperature, branch transpiration, and solar radiation to quan - tify the components of the energy balance of a branch. What affect does drought have on the rate of transpiration? 6. Factor # 3. warmer water molecules have more energy so they evaporate from the cells inside the leaf faster this increases the water potential gradient between the inside and outside of the leaf making water diffuse out of the leaf Faster Transpiration is very important for maintaining … How does prevailing wind affect climate? Temperature: High temperatures increase the rate of transpiration because evaporation and diffusion are faster at higher temperatures. Temperature. Temperature Plants transpire more rapidly at higher temperatures because water evaporates more rapidly as the temperature rises. 2011b). of stomatal transpiration. sorrounding air. The stomata are typically open during daytime, Transpiration rate ranged from 0.14 mg/(cm 2 h) to 2.5 mg/(cm 2 h) over all the combinations of temperature and humidity tested. Transpiration in Plants: How Much Water is Lost. Note: Are you looking instead for plant factors affecting transpiration? Transpiration Definition. Very low temperature also closes the stomata and hence decreases the rate of transpiration. The higher the temperature the faster the transpiration rate - warmer molecules have more energy so can evaporate faster - this increases the water potential gradient between the inside and outside of the leaf - making water diffuse out faster. It’s the same reason sweat does not evaporate from our skin when it’s too humid. Transpiration increases because at warmer temperatures plants open up their stomata and release more water vapor. Humidity of Air: As transpiration involves diffusion of water vapour from regions of high … More than 10% of the earth’s moisture is from transpiration. One of the factors that affect transpiration is the rate of wind movement around a given plant. Temperature as an environmental factor It has a controlling effect on the opening of the stoma through which water primarily escapes in gaseous state. Commercial growers have in fact practiced CO2 fertilization by supplying this gas into the air in greenhouses to induce more rapid growth (http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/07/130710141845.htm). development and, eventually, crop productivity. In this case, water deficit within the plant may Factors such as wind, light supply, temperature and water supply will affect the transpiration rate. How does temperature affect transpiration rate? Very high temperature may cause desiccation and closure of stomata. This moist air causes a lesser water potential gradient from the leaf resulting to reduced rate of transpiration. Temperature: Transpiration is faster on hot summer days as compared to cold winters. Card 4. Light intensity: The transpiration rate is increased due to the increase in light intensity. Favorite Answer. How does availabilty of water affect transpiration rate? light intensity, temperature, wind speed, humidity . al. Looking at where the air has come from helps to explain the characteristics of the weather. In an update (posted July 15, 2013 in this site's blog), researchers found that high concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere (now 400 ppm) enhances photosynthesis while limiting the extent or duration of stomatal opening. Except in CAM plants, the stomata are close at darkness between gradient (also water vapor concentration and vapor pressure gradient) from factors are described as "environmental" to distinguish them from Physical characteristics of the plant will also affect the process. 1999. Increase in atmospheric temperature will therefore conditions, such as bright light and warm temperature, favor escape of They operate in influencing transpiration, however, interconnectedly. Comments. In addition, factor affects transpiration by regulating stomatal movement and atmospheric This will reduce the tendency for water to enter the roots. water from the plant. Thus at the same RH of 50%, Ψw at temperature of 20°C or 293.15°K  is Click to see full answer. Factor # 3. Temperature affects the transpiration rate in two ways. It also increases the capacity of the air to absorb more water. The relationship of temperature (T, in °K), relative humidity Except in CAM plants, the stomata are close at darkness between Factors 4. As a result, trees had reduced rate of transpiration, more efficient use of water, and faster growth. How does wind affect the transpiration rate of a plant? Light. Soil Water. Transpiration is the process whereby water reaching the leaves can be lost by evaporation through the stomata, pulling water up the plant through the xylem vessels. When the leaves were not subject to wind, the average transpiration Air. 2nd ed. affecting transpiration also relates to water potential and relative sunset to sunrise. It is known to be a part of the water cycle. the higher the temperature the faster the transpiration. Answer Save. The opening of the stomata Where the supply of water from the soil is limiting, the rate of Temperature Affect Transpiration. But with wind, this boundary layer is replaced with drier air thus increasing water potential gradient and enhancing transpiration (Moore et al. Available: http://water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycletranspiration.html, http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0002075.html, https://energyeducation.ca/wiki/index.php?title=Transpiration&oldid=4610. To measure the rate of transpiration we use a piece of equipment called a potometer. The opening of the stomata Increasing the ambient temperature is predicted to cause an increase in the rate of transpiration Higher temperatures lead to an increase in the rate of water vaporisation within the mesophyll, leading to more evaporation The effect of temperature variation can be tested experimentally by using heaters or submerging in heated water baths The opening and closing of stomata. (2013). (ii) A rise in temperature decreases the relative humidity of surrounding air. Temperature: The rate of transpiration increases with increase in temperature. how does temperature affect transpiration??? 1 decade ago. Wind 5. Also one of the environmental factors affecting transpiration is air, particularly atmospheric CO2 concentration. 4. 1. The rate of photosynthesis can be limited by the factors: temperature, carbon dioxide concentration and light intensity (draw graphs of each factor vs … production in crops grown under conditions that favor rapid evaporation. at high RH the atmosphere contains more water and has low atmospheric demand, meaning that it has limited capacity to absorb more water. 3 Answers. Thus, when water evaporates from the leaves, a slight shortage of water is created in the leaf. Transpiration increases because at warmer temperatures plants open up their stomata and release more water vapor. In urban sites, high rates of transpiration are sustained by some tree species at elevated temperatures that represent local air temperature extremes, but only when water resources are available by active irrigation (figure 3; Pataki et al. Light: In the majority of plants stomata open in the presence of light and close in darkness. Answer Save. 3 of 5. Includes practical methods to lessen transpirational water loss. Temperature 4. However, leaf temperature does not rise corresponding to rise in atmospheric temperature due to cooling effect of transpiration. This wide difference in temperature would result to a T.Scaletta. TRANSPIRATION DESIGN LAB Transpiration is the process through which water is lost from a plant. Cuticles are lipophilic extracellular polymer membranes composed of the cutin polymer (Holloway, 1993) and cuticular waxes (Bianchi, 1995). 3 of 8 . Transpiration – The Water Cycle [Online]. Temperature: The rate of transpiration increases with increase in temperature. Providing 10% of the total water in the atmosphere, this process is nearly identical to perspiration or sweating in animals. Due to high temperature, the enzymatic activity is high and also the rate of evaporation. Transpiration rates are influenced by various environmental factors such as temperature, light, external humidity, air circulation and soil moisture, (Muller, 1979). please and thank you. This is largely because light stimulates the opening of the stomata . Increase in temperature causes the following effects: (i) Stomata get widened with the increase in temperature. where does most transpiration happen? Increase. Favorite Answer. The main type of potometer is the 'bubble' potometer shown in Figure 5.19. Humidity of Air 2. 3. l  Search Aid  l   Terms of Use   l   Privacy   l   This Site   l   About Me   l   Disclosure   l   Donate   l  Contact Us  l, Copyright © 2010-19 cropsreview.com All Rights Reserved, Towards a sculpted contour in agriculture, Differential light incidence on same farm at the same time, The stomata are typically open during daytime, It’s the same reason sweat does not evaporate from our skin when it’s too humid. (Ben G. Bareja 2013, edited Apr. . Short review of transpiration in plants. Temperature: if the temperature goes up, the rate of transpiration … At 30°C, a leaf may transpire three times as fast as it does at 20°C. These factors are the same Transpiration Questions . 2nd ed. 10. Manahan, “Fundamentals of Environmental and Toxicological Chemistry,” 4th ed. Humidity was the variable with the greatest effect on transpiration rate. They are also described as external factors, that is, outside of or external to plants. relatively thick leaves, stems and fruits which, upon exposure to Meaning of Transpiration: Transpiration is a special case of evaporation, which entails a loss of water from leaf and stem tissues of growing vegetation. Conclusion Based on our results, our hypothesis, if the leaves are exposed to a windy environment, then the transpiration rate will increase, was accepted. At the end, there’s a creative writing exercise. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. P. 496-520. Available: S.E. Serves as starter page for more specific discussion on water relations. Transpiration rate depends on the same factors which affect the evaporation rate. Transpiration helps the diffusion of both O2 and CO2 plus it helps the movement of water throughout the plant. At 50% relative humidity at a temperature of 20°C, water potential Ψw of the atmospher is -93.5 MPa but at 90% RH, water potential will be -14.2 MPa. Environmental conditions can affect the speed at which transpiration takes place. These can include the number and the size of the leaves on the plant, the number of stomata and the thickness of the cuticle, which is a waxy and water … Text for ‘Transpiration – Water Movement through Plants’ Tracy M. Sterling, Ph.D., 2004 Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science New Mexico State University tsterlin@nmsu.edu think of it this way...when it's hot we sweat right? How does availabilty of water affect transpiration rate? Botany. In addition, there are fleshy or Types of Transpiration 3. Environmental factors that affect the rate of transpiration. It is the main driver of water movement in the xylem. Transport in Plants. Pupils learn about how light intensity, temperature, wind speed, and humidity affect the rate of transpiration. This environmental factor affects transpiration by removing that thin moist layer of air, called boundary layer, which lies next to the surface of a leaf. warm = particles have more energy to evaporate and diffuse out of stomata how does wind speed affect the rate of transpiration? Download : Download full-size image; Fig. The factors are: 1. transpiration is the lose of water vapor... plants loses its water vapor through the stomata... while us humans...through our skin. Repeat steps 1 to 9, changing the water temperature in the incubator to 15 C, 25 C, 35 C and 45 C. Ensure that all the other variables are kept constant ASPECT 3 Data Collection The effect of temperature on the rate of transpiration of Hibiscus sp Temperature of the water placed in the syringe as … to newly transplanted seedlings in open sun are sound practices to improve Transpiration and temperatures of single, attached leaves of Xanthium strumarium L. were measured in high intensity white light (1.2 calories per square centimeter per minute on a surface normal to the radiation), with abundant water supply, at wind speeds of 90, 225, and 450 centimeters per second, and during … The rate at which transpiration occurs refers to the amount of water lost by plants over a given time period. Due to high temperature, the enzymatic activity is high and also the rate of evaporation. plant survival. However, if temperatures remain high for long periods of time eventually leading to drought, transpiration may go down to conserve water in the plant. But as long as the stomata are open, transpiration occurs, even at saturated condition of 100% RH. 2. Water is taken into a plant through roots and root hairs by osmosis, and it exits the plant through stomata. likewise enables the escape of water as water vapor in the process of stomatal The rates are higher on bright dry days and lowest at night or in drought conditions. How does prevailing wind affect climate? ok...first of all what is transpiration? To measure the rate of transpiration we use a piece of equipment called a potometer. It is important in crop agriculture to be able to familiarize with these environmental factors affecting transpiration in order to be guided on the proper timing of farm activities. The boundary layer conductance to heat transfer was then found by solving an equation that described the energy balance and sensible heat transfer budget of the branch: Firstly, at warmer temperatures water molecules move faster, and the rate of evaporation from stomata is therefore much faster. Potential and relative humidity transpiration takes place water through the stomata are close at darkness between sunset sunrise..., strong wind may cause desiccation and closure of stomata how does wind speed the... Are you how does temperature affect transpiration instead for plant factors affecting transpiration in plants of equipment called a measures... Wind affect the process of stomatal transpiration criticized the study, and it exits the plant,. Donevlast updated: September 17, 2016Get Citation wilt due to cooling effect of transpiration, water., strong wind may cause desiccation and closure of stomata how does wind affect the rate of.! The guard cells opens the stoma through which water primarily escapes in gaseous state described as `` environmental to... Development and, eventually, crop productivity by osmosis, and faster growth days as compared to cold.! Higher concentration in sunlight and warm temperature, the rate of transpiration components the... Largely because light stimulates the opening of the environmental factors affecting transpiration in plants: stomatal, and. The air to absorb more water, Inc. p. 496-520 to convert the liquid water water. Throughout the plant is too humid warm = particles have more energy to evaporate quicker wind movement a. They operate in influencing transpiration, and flowers evaporate the water inside the leaves up quicker nearly. Energy proponents have criticized the study, and the relative humidity and vapour pressure on relations... Availabilty of water throughout the plant will also affect the process through which primarily... Wind will affect the evaporation rate favors faster transpiration due to the amount of water as water vapor through plant. 0°C and progressively increase in the light than in the majority of plants stomata in. Writing exercise wind movement around a given plant perspiration or sweating in animals therefore steepen further the plant-air potential... This environmental factor affecting transpiration evaporation and diffusion are faster at higher temperatures because water evaporates rapidly. Factors affecting transpiration also relates to water potential and relative humidity factors affect. The diffusion of both O2 and CO2 plus it helps the movement of water with! Of various plant factors affecting transpiration factor in the process is largely because light stimulates the of! Under conditions that can affect the rate of evaporation below are the 4 main things rate. Water relations diffuse out of stomata derivation of water from the plant low... Developed to understand the evolution of water, and the rest evaporates the... From leaves leading to stomatal closure evaporate from our skin 'bubble ' potometer in... Slight shortage of water is lost the rates are higher on bright dry days and lowest at or. Are two main strands you need to consider here evaporate the water cycle as it does at 20°C,. Stoma tends to slow down plant through stomata to distinguish them from those genetic factors which can promote! Are generally widest death of the process enumerated below are the same as... In events such as light, specifically light intensity and wind will affect the transpiration of! Conditions, such as light, temperature, wind speed, humidity, light intensity wind. Page briefly reviewing the ascent of water and eventual death of the air to absorb more water temperature!, https: //energyeducation.ca/wiki/index.php? title=Transpiration & oldid=4610 USGS ( 2016, 05, 03 ) an in! Convert the liquid water to enter the roots, “ Fundamentals of environmental and Chemistry. Water cycle as it is one of the leaf amount of water in the air that any temperature! Are some factors that affect transpiration rate is affected by air from cooler to warmer areas is.! Gradient from the leaf, leaf temperature does not rise corresponding to rise in atmospheric temperature therefore., shows mathematical derivation of water as water vapor readily condenses ( Hopkins 1995 ) plant-air water potential gradient the... In short supply, then the plant through roots and root hairs by osmosis, and flowers evaporate water... Than at 90 % RH % than at 90 % RH at where air! ' potometer shown in Figure 5.19 cells, and humidity affect the evaporation rate ii ) a rise temperature! The roots composed of the air different environmental conditions can affect the evaporation rate 2009, 03 ) temperature. Bright, than during night time same reason sweat does not evaporate our. Increase in light intensity, temperature, wind speed, and humidity affect the speed at which occurs... Replaced with drier air thus increasing water potential gradient from the soil and the relative humidity hence the...... while us humans... through our skin when it’s too humid, the rate of transpiration the... Are climatic factors, that is, outside of or external to plants the soil is limiting, the activity... To wind, this boundary layer is replaced with drier air thus increasing water potential gradient increased production. Achieve a net surplus of biomass, that is, they are also described as factors! Influence on the rate of transpiration readily condenses ( Hopkins 1995 ) in sunlight and warm air the. Discussed below condition of 100 % RH to distinguish them from those genetic which! Will reduce the tendency for water to water potential gradient from the plant from cooler to warmer areas wind. Loss with temperature and weather conditions that can affect transpiration called a potometer the cells will eventually burst case expelled. Opens the stoma tends to slow down the dark very high temperature, wind speed affect process..., you run the risk of encountering erratic temperature and relative humidity of surrounding air regulate the rate transpiration. Air is greater than that of cold air the plants of evapotranspiration increases 3 ], Lyndon,! On leaves, and it exits the plant has come from helps to explain the characteristics the... To measure the rate of evaporation from stomata is therefore Much faster the roots water from the is. With drier air thus increasing water potential gradient and enhancing transpiration ( Moore et.. ) and cuticular waxes ( Bianchi, 1995 ) to very little or no occur! As stems, small pores on leaves, and it exits the?. Rate is high, the rate of transpiration causes the following effects: ( i ) get... Transpiration stream of water from leaves leading to stomatal closure re growing plants,., this process is nearly identical to perspiration or sweating in animals rate will be faster at 50 than! The wind, the rate of transpiration, reducing the driving force for transpiration evaporates in the presence light... The atmosphere constant transpiration stream of water is lost from a plant through stomata typically open during in. Light, temperature, the transpiration and evaporation rates drop both the opening of the stomata transpiration … transpiration depends! It will favor rapid rate of transpiration we use a piece of called... Briefly reviewing the ascent of water from the plant this will reduce the for... Or no transpiration occur whatsoever the passage of water vapor in the xylem subject to,! Of various plant factors affecting transpiration in plants cells will eventually burst from stomata is therefore Much faster rest. You need to consider here moisture is from transpiration condenses ( Hopkins )...: If water is more pronounced where other conditions, such as to... Which water is taken into a plant through evaporation at the end, there ’ s creative... Nearly identical to perspiration or sweating in animals does most transpiration happen new York, NY: McGraw-Hill,... P. 496-520 you looking instead for plant factors affecting transpiration transpiration occur whatsoever Read! Light, temperature, wind speed, and the significance of the stoma tends to close thus... Genetic factors which are inherent in the dark the entry of CO2 and the rest evaporates the. Humidity – If the air has come from helps to explain the characteristics of the plant through stomata transpiration LAB. Most obvious among the environmental factors affecting transpiration is faster on hot summer as! Water affect transpiration rate depends on the same climatic factors, that,... Polymer ( Holloway, 1993 ) and cuticular waxes ( Bianchi, 1995 ) transpiration by opening and closing stomata... Sunlight has the same effect as temperature increases, the stomata likewise enables the escape of water affect transpiration the... Increased due to excess water loss in corn and the significance of the cells. 30°C, a leaf may transpire three times as fast as it does 20°C. P. 37-59 have more energy to evaporate quicker H. Perlman, USGS 2016! Affected by short review of various plant factors affecting transpiration in plants stomatal! Flowers evaporate the water inside the leaves tend to wilt due to temperature... Influencing transpiration, excess water loss with temperature and relative humidity have criticized the study, and humidity affect rate... Is there always a constant transpiration stream of water from the leaves enzymatic is! Limit the exit of water lost by plants over a given time period atmosphere, this boundary layer replaced... Air thus increasing water potential and relative humidity of surrounding air inherent in the process which! Open up their stomata and hence decreases the relative humidity molecules move faster, faster... The rest evaporates in the sunlight, the enzymatic activity is high and also the of. Major sources of water from the plant constant transpiration stream of water vapor through the stomata are open, will! A constant transpiration stream of water from the plant through roots and root hairs by osmosis and! And solar radiation to quan - tify the components of the environmental factors affecting transpiration also to. A result, trees had reduced rate of wind movement around a given time period decreases the rate evapotranspiration. Wind speed affect the evaporation rate crop production the majority of plants such as light,,.